[Pascal Le Deley]

Schools of Quality

 

Deming (Dr. Edwards) 

Constancy of purpose for improvement (from top management 85%)

Cease dependence on mass inspection

Deming’s wheel Plan Do Check Act (PDCA)

 

Feigenbaum (Dr. Armand)

Total Quality Control (TQC)

 

Kaoru Ishikawa (7 tools)

Data tables (tick charts), Pareto, cause-effect diagram (fishbone -), trend, histograms, scatter diagrams, process control charts.

 

Taguchi approach (3 principles)

Quality designed into the product, not inspected into. 

Built-in Quality, not bolt-on.

Design of experiments (Tagushi method) utilizes a process to determine the best mix of variables or ingredients to produce the desired result.

Quality is best achieved by minimizing the deviation from a target.

Product should be designed to be immune to uncontrollable environmental factors.

Loss Function: the cost of quality should be measured as a function of deviation from the standard and the losses should be measured system-wide.

 

Juran (Dr. Joseph M.) 

Managerial breakthrough

Quality trilogy

Quality planning

Quality improvement 

Quality control

Fitness for use

 

Crosby (Phillip B.) 

‘Quality is free’

Zero defects – « do it right the first time »

Four absolutes of quality management

Conformance to requirements

Prevention not appraisal

Zero defects as quality standard

Quality is measured by the price of non-conformance

 

Continuous improvement (Kaizen) : amélioration par petits pas / pas-à-pas.

 

Just In Time manufacturing

 

Waste reduction (7 MUDA: production, waiting, transportation, processing, stocks, motion, defects).

 

Total Quality Management

Excellence

Customers

Processes

Continuous improvement

Employees

 

Impacts of poor quality

Increased costs

Decreased productivity

Increased risk and uncertainty

 

Quality standards

ISO: international standard

EFQM: european standard

Malcolm Baldridge award: US standard

7 areas : leadership, strategy, customer focus, analysis, people, process, business.

[Auteur]

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